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A. LAMBLIN. I RADIATOR FOR USE IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED FEB. I5. I918.

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RADIATOR FOR USE IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPUCATION FILED FEB-15,1918- 1,317,200. Patented Sept. 30, 1919. v a ssssssssssss 2;

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RADIATOR FOR USE IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

: APPLICATION FILED 8.15.1918. I 1,317,200. Patented Sept. 30,1919.

UNITED STATES PATE CE- ALEXANDRE MBLIN. or rams, FRANCE.

RADIATOR FOR USE IN INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

.' specification of Letters Patent. i P t t pt, 30,

Application filed February 15, 1918. Serial No. 217,427.

To all whom it may concern 7 Be it known that I, ALEXANDRE LAMBLIN, citizen of the RepublicofFrance, residing at No. 7 Rue Labrouste, Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Radiators for Use in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

I Radiators as at present applied to the motors of dirigibles and aeroplanes present numerous disadvantages of which the principal ones may be summed up as follows WVhether they be of the so called honeycomb type or of the tubular type they take up much space, are of considerable weight and offer substantial resistance to the flight of the airship.

Since the circulation of the water takes place in a vertical direction bybundles which present in the direction of'motion a vertical wall, the radiator not only offers a resistance to the forward movement and also gives riseat the rear, to the creation of a vacuum or partial vacuum which further augments this resistance, but the movement of the liquid is impeded by its inert a; the

liquid inass necessarily participating in the horizontal movement of the apparatus. 7

Finally the present type of radiators have 7 no 'practical 'device for filling; them and maintaining them full ofwaterJ The radiator which forms'the subject matter of my invention is'exempt from all these disadvantages. p Y

According to my invention the tubes of the radiator which are preferably made of the new special form hereinafter described, are arranged at a suitable distance apart in, preferably, a single layer, uniformly dis tributed around a horizontal axis, that is to ay around an axisparallel to the longitudi-V nal axis of the airship. The tubes open to this-e'nd,"at their extremities, into a front anda rear collector respectively, both of which are annular and arranged in planes at right angles to the horizontal axis of the layer of tubes. A system of circulating pipes in which, is inserted the pump, 'con-. nects the two collectors with each others As is shown in the particular construe tional forms illustrated by way of example, the layer with the horizontal axis along which tubes of the radiator are distributed, will preferably be a surface ofrevolution of ovoid form (2'. e. of streamline form) presenting a straight circular section reduced at the rear and its straight section greatest near the front at a suitable distance from the mouths of the tubes in the front collector. The result is a maximum distance apart of the tubes near the front and a minimum distance apart near the rear. p

- The distribution of the tubes in a single layer around a horizontal longitudinaiaxis or a practically horizontal axis suppresses or reduces to a minimum (in the thickness of the annular collectors) the vertical walls and consequently the resistance to. advance due to these -walls. It alsozfa'cilitates the circulation of the cooling water which is effected principally in the direction in which theapparatus advances.

Furthermore when the layer of tubes is arranged around an ovoid surface as above defined,the rear vacuum or partial vacuum due to the circulation of the air is reduced to a minimum, and separate currents of cooling :air circulating simultaneously inside andoutside the bundle the result is that the cooling effect becomes of maximum intensity, the tubes being subjected to the cooling action over their whole surface. The ac-.

cess of the air and its flow are by reason of the greater distance apart: of the fronttubes also facilitated in that part where the water enters at-the highest temperature."

- The constructional forms illus'trated also present other important characteristics here obtained not presenting any ofthe 'disad 100 inafter referred to so that an apparatus is" being in elevation and the upper half showing a longitudinal section. Fig. l shows this radiator half in end view and half in transverse section along line 4:4c of Fig. 8.

In the radiator shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the tubes A are arranged uniformly in a circular layer, preferably single, and around the periphery of an ovoid having a geometrical axis XX which is parallel or practically parallel to the direction of flight, that is to say to the longitudinal axis of the airship. The tubes open at their front ends into an annular collectorB and at the rear into a collector C. The collectors are supported by a shaft D, placed along the geometrical axis XX. of the radiator, and which may be formed of a single tube of which the part comprised between the collectors is cut off from the ends by plugs E, F. The ends of the tube are rotatably mounted in supports G, H, which may be arranged at any suitable point on the air ship. The whole of the radiator which can be made to rotate about its axis for inspection, repair or removal of damaged tubes is supported on the ends of the tube D, which ends are connected by means of removable joints (Z, (Z, to the circulating pipe I for the cooling water.

The front collector B is connected to the.

tubular shaft D by the tubes 6. The collector B is preferably of streamline form as shown in Fig. 1, so as to reduce the re sistance of the air. The rear collector C is in communication with the rear of the tubular shaft D through openin 's c pierced in the said shaft. Thetubes A are also of streamline form having their maximum diameter toward the interior a of the layer formed by the bundle, while it contracts to a point toward theexterior a as shown by the section at the left hand side .of Fig. 2. In order to insure more rigidity to the radiator as a whole the tubes may, at an intermediate point of their length, be supported in notches or recesses in-the outer edge j of a metal ring J. V

The particular form given to the tubes while insurin an excellent circulation of water at or about the part a of maximum diameter facilitates the flow of air around each of them and avoids the formation ofa vacuum or partial vacuum due to this flow. The curvature of the tubes presents besides the advantages already pointed out viz., that offacilitating flexions and dilations which notably reduce'the chances of breakage at the soldered parts which is so frequent in tubular radiators with straight tubes.

In Figs. 3 and 4t the tubes A of the radiator are distributed in a single layer, or if necessary, in a plurality of layers, around the geometrical axis XX and open, at theirends respectively at the front into an annular collector B and at the rear into a collector C. These collectors are supported by a shaft D formed by a tube of which the part comprised between the collectors is shut off from the ends by plugs E, F. Removable couplings d, cl connect the whole of the radiator to the water circulating pipe I.

The collectors B and C are each divided by partitions g, h, respectively into three units capable of being shut off by cocks. In case of damage to a tube it is possible by closing the cooks B and C of the front and rear units into which the tubes open to isolate the said element or unit while the circulation continues in the other units of the radiator.

The front collector B is extended toward the interior forming a drum B which advantageously cuts up the air entering by the outside of the tubular bundle.

The rear collector C is prolonged toward the exterior forming a cone, which increases its capacity and-permits at the same time of the formation of a directing surface for the flow of air at its outlet. In each of the units of the said rear collector is arranged a tube C open in front but closed at the rear, and extending over the major part of the length of the unit. This tube is split longitudinally adjacent to axis opposite the water inlet in the unit, the corresponding cut off cock 0 being placed at the closed end of the tube which may unite with the continuous bottom C of the inlet chamber of the collector. The outlet pipe of the cocks C opens in this case, into an outlet chamber C which communicates by the openings 0 with the water outlet pipe. This pipe is capped with a cone of aluminium, C formed as a continuation of the rear collector and completing the streamline form of the whole. The split tubes C insure the circulation of the water in the rear collector. They pre vent the direct passage of this water from the outlet of the tubes through the cut off cocks.

The radiator may be advantageously provided with afilling device such as shown in Figs. 1. and 2.

A circular chamber K of suitable form, communicates-by a pipe L, with the collector B. This chamber which may be closed by a spring actuated valve M placed in a removable cover N, forms a condenser for any steam which is separated from the circulating water. The chamber K also forms a funnel and facilitates the fillingof thecollectorsand radiator when the cover has been removed by merely removing the hook bolts 0. 7

It is obvious that the radiator has been constructed to allow of rapid access to all its parts for the purpose of repairs. Each of the parts can be replaced or repaired without there being any need to partially or completely dismantle the apparatus.

As above stated, therotation of the apparatus about the axis XX in the supports G and H allows any tube to be brought within reach of the pilot.

The details of construction of the radiator above described may of course vary without departing from the nature of the invention.

I claim as my invention- 1. A radiator for motors of flying machines, and the like, comprising a plurality of tubes spaced apart and uniformly arranged around a common horizontal axis so as to form a continuous stream line, a forward and rear collector communicating with said tubes and each formed of an annular chamber, the said collectors being arranged in planes at right angles to the said axis, and a su ply and exit' ipe for the circulatin me ium, respective y communicating wit 1 the forward and rear collector.

2. A'radiator as specified in claim 1, in i which the tubes are arranged in the periphery of an ovoid figure presenting its minimum cross-section to the rear and its maximum cross-section to the front.

3. A radiator, as specified in claim 1, in which the annular forward collector is of stream-line shape, radial tubes being provided for connecting it to the inlet pipe for the circulating water.

4. A radiator, as specified in claim 1, in

which the two collectors are connected and supported by a shaft formed by a tube, bearings for theends of said tube being provided enabling the entire radiator to be turned about its longitudinal axis thereby facilitating access to the various tubes.

5. A radiator, as specified in claim 1, in which the two collectors are each divided into compartments, the forward collector extending toward the interior of the radiator forming a drum, thereby facilitating the flow. of air as it enters, the rear collector being extended outwardly forming a cone thereby increasing its capacity and controlling the flow of air as it passes out.

6. A radiator, as specified in claim 5, in which a longitudinally split tube is arranged in each compartment of the rear collector forcing the cooling medium to circulate in said split tubes, a cut-off valve being also provided for each compartment.

' 7 A radiator for motors of flying machines and the like, comprising aforward and rear collector arranged in planes at right angles to a horizontal axis parallel with the longitudinal axis of the flying mechine, a pipe communicating with said two collectors, and a plurality of spaced tubes.

between the said .collectorsarranged around said horizontal axis and having streamline form with their maximum diameter toward the interior of the radiator and contracted to a point toward the exterior CHAs. P. PRESSLY.

copies of this potent may be obtained for Me cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents,

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